Niobrara oil seen as potential savior for West Coast refiners

Companies from Noble Energy Inc. to Whiting Petroleum Corp. are ramping up output in the Niobrara shale oil play near the Rocky Mountains that may help save U.S. West Coast refiners from dwindling supplies in their own region.

The formation spread across parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska and Wyoming is estimated to hold as much as 2 billion bbl of oil, Energy Information Administration data show. Niobrara’s oil and lease condensate output will reach a record 304,434 bpd this month, the agency said.

The Rocky Mountains play may be a godsend for Western refiners because its crude closely matches the characteristics of oil from the region’s largest domestic supplier, Alaska’s North Slope, where output has declined every year since 2002. A slide in Alaska and California oil production has forced West Coast refiners to increasingly rely on foreign imports and oil shipped by rail from other states.

“We’ve had a number of shipments move by rail, but I don’t think any of it has gone to the West Coast yet,” Gary Willingham, Noble’s senior V.P. of U.S. onshore, said in Denver during a conference on Bakken and Niobrara crudes. “It’s certainly part of our plan to have that flexibility. We want it to go where the demand is and where the best price is.”

The posted price for oil from the Denver-Julesburg basin, where the Niobrara is located, rose $1 to $85.05/bbl Friday, according to the marketing division of Plains All American Pipeline LP.  Alaska North Slope oil rose $1.20 to $107.39/bbl, data compiled at 4:16 p.m. New York time show.

Noble, the largest producer in the Niobrara, expects its output from the basin to surpass 100,000 boed this year and reach 250,000 by 2018, Willingham said at the 2014 DUG Bakken and Niobrara conference. Whiting has three rigs running in its Redtail prospect there and plans to add a fourth in August.

Oil from the Niobrara matches the medium crude Alaska North Slope so well that it may be “demanded by folks on the West Coast,” said Mark Smith, V.P. of development, supply and logistics for Tesoro Corp., the largest refiner in the West.

Niobrara crude “fills the bill” for the West Coast, Jim Volker, Whiting’s CEO, said at the conference. Oil from the formation will have to compete against other Western plays such as the Uinta basin of Utah to supply the region, he said.

Tesoro is developing a terminal at the Port of Vancouver, Washington, with Savage Services Corp. that would take oil off rail cars and load it onto marine vessels for delivery.

“That Niobrara stuff could easily take up space” at the terminal, Smith said.

Wyoming, home to the Guernsey oil-pipeline hub, issued permits last year allowing projects with collectively more than 459,000 bpd of crude trans-loading capacity. It has approved permits for two more sites this year with as much as 146,000 bpd in capacity.

Musket Corp. runs an oil-by-rail terminal in Windsor, Colorado, that began loading unit-trains at the beginning of this year. The White Cliffs pipeline that carries oil from the basin to Cushing, Oklahoma, is scheduled to double capacity to 150,000 bpd this year.

California, home to two-thirds of the West Coast’s refining capacity, received 55,025 bbl of oil by rail from Colorado in December, the most ever for that month, and took in a record 87,951 from the state in May 2013. Colorado oil production reached a record 206,000 bpd in October.

While companies including Noble and Whiting are accelerating drilling in the Niobrara, Continental Resources decided to allocate spending elsewhere this year, said John Kilgallon, the company’s V.P. of investor relations.

“There has been some success by some operators there, but we’re not one of them,” Kilgallon said by telephone March 28.

Providing useful resources, articles and writings on crude oil, other petroleum products, energy and gas. By Blockline and Associate Ltd Nigeria Ltd, online.

Emerson’s new ultrasonic flow meters improve accuracy

Emerson Process Management has introduced new Daniel multi-path gas and liquid ultrasonic meters that feature a next-generation electronics platform.

The accuracy, line size breadth, and flexibility make the new JuniorSonic one-path (3411) or two-path (3412), and SeniorSonic four-path (3414) gas ultrasonic meters ideal for a number of flow measurement applications. In addition, the new four-path (3814) liquid ultrasonic meter expands on the functionality and performance of its predecessor, the 3804 liquid ultrasonic meter, to offer improved reliability for custody transfer applications.

With faster flow sampling rates, the new electronics platform significantly increases the data set used to calculate average velocity, allowing rapid recognition of changing flow dynamics. Users will have access to high-volume data capture as well as detailed flow parameters, including pressure, temperature, and gas composition, allowing the meter to act as a redundant flow computer.

Improved calculations for auditing or invoice resolution are enabled by the electronics’ fast delivery of key data from the meter’s audit trail. The audit trail complies with American Petroleum Institute Standard 21.1, and is supported by a standard 128 MB non-volatile memory. Access to alarms, events and configuration changes is provided in a matter of seconds.

Additionally, the meters’ electronics feature a compact circuit board for increased reliability and maintainability, simplifying field removal and reinstallation. The electronics retrofit Daniel legacy ultrasonic meters and are expandable, enabling future upgrades to help meet changing customer needs. The electronics support remote access as well as true 100BaseT Fast Ethernet connectivity to facilitate enterprise-wide communication and integration.

To further improve reliability and uptime, each Daniel gas ultrasonic meter is supplied with new, rugged T-20 Series transducers that are engineered for wet, rich and/or dirty gas applications.  The transducers facilitate troubleshooting by enabling operators to quickly detect and isolate problems, preventing unnecessary depressurization of the meter.

The new Daniel gas and liquid ultrasonic meters are also equipped with an updated version of MeterLink (v1.10), a configuration and diagnostic software that utilizes an intuitive interface to improve overall functionality and ease of use.  MeterLink displays abnormal flow profiles, upstream blockage, deposit build-up within the meter, and the existence of liquid hydrocarbon in gas.

Providing useful resources, articles and writings on crude oil, other petroleum products, energy and gas. By Blockline and Associate Ltd Nigeria Ltd, online.

Crude drops as Libyan rebels hand over control of export ports

Brent and West Texas Intermediate crudes fell for the first time in three days after Libyan rebels surrendered control of two oil ports to the government, enabling the OPEC country to increase exports.

Brent dropped as much as 1.4%. The self-declared Executive Office for Barqa handed over the oil terminals of Hariga and Zueitina overnight, and will relinquish the other two ports they control in two to four weeks, said Ali Al-Hasy, a spokesman for the group. Libya’s output fell to 250,000 bpd in March from 1.4 million bpd a year earlier, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.

“The possibility that Libyan barrels are returning to the market is weighing on oil,” said Gene McGillian, an analyst and broker at Tradition Energy in Stamford, Conn. “Rising supplies will drive the market lower.”

Brent for May settlement slid $1.12, or 1%, to $105.60/bbl at 12:13 p.m. New York time on the London-based ICE Futures Europe exchange. The volume of all futures traded was 31% higher than the 100-day average.

WTI for May delivery decreased 77 cents, or 0.8%, to $100.37/bbl on the New York Mercantile Exchange. Volume was 11% above the 100-day average. The U.S. benchmark grade’s discount to Brent shrank to $5.23 from $5.58 on April 4.

Libyan Ports

Hariga has a capacity of 110,000 bpd, and Zueitina can handle 70,000 bpd, according to IHS Inc. The other two terminals are Es Sider, the nation’s largest port at 340,000 bpd, and the Ras Lanuf terminal with 220,000 bpd.

The port opening “is definitely a bearish development,” said John Kilduff, a partner at Again Capital LLC, a New York- based hedge fund that focuses on energy. “But we have to see if that comes to fruition.”

Libya currently exports about 85,000 bpd of crude from the offshore fields of Jurf and Bouri, which are unaffected by the protests that have disrupted output on land, according to the Oil Ministry.

“The protesters are banned from returning or obstructing work at the ports,” Justice Minister Salah Al-Mirghani said after talks with rebels April 6 in Zueitina.

Libya, the holder of Africa’s biggest crude reserves, has become the smallest producer in the 12-member OPEC, as rebels seeking self-rule in the eastern region of Cyrenaica halted production and shipments.

“If Libya production does increase, it should provide some pressure on Brent relative to WTI,” said Tom Finlon, Jupiter, Florida-based director of Energy Analytics Group LLC.
Gasoline Futures

WTI rose earlier with gasoline futures, which reached a one-week high before both declined again. Gasoline for May delivery slipped 1.66 cents, or 0.6%, to $2.9147/gal. It climbed as much as 0.5% to $2.9461, the most since March 28.

The rebound in WTI was “really led by gasoline,” said Carl Larry, president of Oil Outlooks & Opinions LLC in Houston.

With assistance from Grant Smith, in London, and Maher Chmaytelli, in Dubai.

Providing useful resources, articles and writings on crude oil, other petroleum products, energy and gas. By Blockline and Associate Ltd Nigeria Ltd, online.

OMV to invest $550 million in Lower Austria

OMV is consolidating its commitment to oil and gas production in Lower Austria. The Weinviertel region is the third most important production site in the company’s global portfolio after the exploration and production areas in Romania and Norway.

In line with the corporate strategy, OMV has invested heavily in exploration and production in Lower Austria. Investment in Lower Austria is set to rise to around $550 million (EUR 400 million) in the next two years.
Until 2016 around 80% of OMV’s total investment of around EUR 3.9 bn worldwide will go on exploration and production.

OMV CEO Gerhard Roiss: "Anyone striving for international growth needs to have a strong foundation. For us this foundation is Lower Austria. This investment in exploration and production underlines the importance of this region in the OMV portfolio."

"We took the decision on these investments in Lower Austria last year. Resources are needed in order to counter the natural depletion and stabilize production in what are mostly mature fields. Without these investments it wouldn’t be possible for us to maintain production levels", said OMV CEO Gerhard Roiss.

Last year the region produced 35,000 boed. Despite the natural depletion of resources, this level should remain stable in 2014 as the investment is set to balance out the natural depletion of 10% per year.

Drilling additional wells in Lower Austria is the key to securing and increasing production. Up to 24 drillings will be realized in Weinviertel in 2014, with 20 more planned for 2015 and 2016, respectively. 14 projects involve exploration wells with additional production potential.

Providing useful resources, articles and writings on crude oil, other petroleum products, energy and gas. By Blockline and Associate Ltd Nigeria Ltd, online.

Shell shelves plans to boost Ormen Lange gas output

Royal Dutch Shell Plc postponed a project designed to boost natural gas recovery from its Ormen Lange deposit offshore Norway, citing higher costs and doubts on reserves.

“The oil and gas industry has a cost challenge,” said Odin Estensen, chairman of the Ormen Lange Management Committee, in a statement. “This, in combination with the maturity and complexity of the concepts and the production volume uncertainty, makes the project no longer economically feasible.”

Shell and other oil companies including Statoil ASA are cutting spending amid rising costs and stagnating oil and gas prices. The delay at Ormen Lange, which delivers as much as 20% of the UK’s gas consumption, comes as the standoff between Russia and the European Union over the annexation of Crimea has raised concerns over fuel supplies to Europe.

The delay on the compression project was supported by partners Statoil, Dong Energy A/S and Exxon Mobil Corp. It was opposed by Norway’s state-owned Petoro AS, also a partner. Prime Minister Erna Solberg this month warned companies against “unacceptable” delays to recovery projects, saying they risk damaging the goodwill they enjoy from the government.

Shell shares dropped 0.6% to 2,200 pence as of 10:18 a.m. in London. Statoil fell 0.8% to 165.4 in Oslo.

The partners remain committed to maximizing recovery at Ormen Lange “in a sustainable manner,” said Shell, the operator of Norway’s second-largest gas field.

Norway, western Europe’s largest oil and gas producer, has seen output drop 20% over the past decade. The government is pushing for companies to maximize recovery from existing fields instead of moving on to more profitable projects. Statoil, Norway’s largest producer, has also announced it’s reviewing plans to build a new platform at the North Sea Snorre deposit to extract an additional 300 MMbbl of oil.

Shell said the timing of the Ormen Lange compression project wasn’t critical to the ultimate recovery rate at the field. “We’re fully aligned to the government’s steer to increase the recovery factor,” Kitty Eide, a company spokeswoman, said in an emailed reply to questions.

In a letter to the government in February, Shell said that a tax increase last year on oil and gas companies will make the Ormen Lange project less profitable, echoing other companies that have warned the change would hurt marginal projects.

“It’s not a deciding factor, but did not help the economics of the project,” Eide said. The company declined to provide details on investment or production-volume estimates for the compression project, or when the license partners expected to make a decision on a future project, she said.

Benchmark gas prices in the UK, where Ormen Lange’s production is shipped through the 1,200-km (745 mi) Langeled pipe, the world’s second-longest pipeline, have fallen 24% so far this year.

The field was discovered in the Moere basin of the Norwegian Sea in 1997 and started producing 10 years later. Output reached 21.5 Bcm of gas last year, a fifth of Norway’s total production. Remaining reserves were estimated at 194.5 Bcm of gas at the end of 2013, down from an initial 314.6 Bcm, according to the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate.

The project delay has no implications for current production, Shell’s Eide said.

Troll, Norway’s largest gas field, has remaining reserves of 955 Bcm. Troll produced 29.6 Bcm of the fuel last year.

Shell and its partners had been studying two offshore compression solutions -- either a subsea concept or a platform -- to compensate for declining pressure over time.

Petoro, which manages Norway’s direct stakes in offshore fields, shares Shell’s view that the current concepts for compression were unprofitable, making a postponement reasonable, Sveinung Sletten, a spokesman, said by phone. The company didn’t support the operator’s decision because it lacked clear plans for future compression projects, he said.

“We haven’t been presented with good enough plans for how the operator will continue its work on compression,” he said. “We want a stronger commitment, and we want sufficient resources allocated to the upcoming work to secure the extraction of remaining profitable resources at Ormen Lange.”

Oslo-based Aker Solutions ASA, which designed a pilot project for Ormen Lange seabed compression, said it wouldn’t comment on the internal decision-making process. The company also worked on the world’s first subsea gas compression facility at Statoil’s Aasgard field in the Norwegian Sea.

“Although delayed, subsea compression at Ormen Lange remains an opportunity for us in the future,” Bunny Nooryani, an Aker Solutions spokeswoman, said in an email.

Norwegian weekly Teknisk Ukeblad reported last month that FMC Corp. had beaten Aker Solutions to an initial contract on the Ormen Lange compression system.

Aker Solutions slid 2.3% to 90.3 kroner in Oslo trading.

Providing useful resources, articles and writings on crude oil, other petroleum products, energy and gas. By Blockline and Associate Ltd Nigeria Ltd, online.

Chevron, YPF continue development of Argentina's Vaca Muerta shale

Chevron Corporation has confirmed that subsidiaries of the company have signed agreements with the Argentine oil company YPF S.A. to continue development of shale oil and gas resources from the Vaca Muerta formation located in the Neuquén province in Argentina.

"This is a significant step in our subsidiaries' joint efforts with YPF to develop one of the most exciting shale plays in the world today," said George Kirkland, vice chairman of Chevron Corporation. "Vaca Muerta could become an important contributor to Chevron' s long term production growth."
 
The agreements build off the progress made with the drilling program begun in 2013 and call for continued investment toward large-scale drilling and production in the 96,000-acre (388-sq km) Loma Campana concession. The agreements also call for exploration of shale oil and gas resources in the 49,400-acre (200-sq km) Narambuena area located about 70 mi (100 km) north of Loma Campana in the Chihuido de la Sierra Negra concession, one of the main producing areas in the Neuquén basin of west-central Argentina.

"YPF is a reliable partner and operator that is advancing the project in the right direction," said Ali Moshiri, president of Chevron Africa and Latin America Exploration and Production Company. "We are pleased with the progress achieved so far and look forward to continuing to provide our technical expertise and investment to help Argentina achieve its goal of energy self-sufficiency."

Providing useful resources, articles and writings on crude oil, other petroleum products, energy and gas. By Blockline and Associate Ltd Nigeria Ltd, online.